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Tractor Talk Discussion Forum

o/t what is silage

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Nancy Howell

05-12-2008 10:18:37




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I've seen a number of posts on silage. It seems to be a feed source for stock, but I'd like to know what it is.




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Pycoed

05-13-2008 13:55:45




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 Re: o/t what is silage in reply to dangerdoc, 05-12-2008 10:18:37  
Over here most silage is made by cutting, re-cutting , crimping & blowing lush green grass into rows. This is done with forage harvester. The grass is then left for a day in our temperate climate to wilt then baled into large round bales & wrapped tightly with black balewrapping plastic. The balewrapping machine is towed behind the baler. Each bale then ferments within its wrapper & you can see them inflate with the CO2 produced as if they've been inflated. This is why vertical silos are dangerous: its the CO2 - the silent killer. Some are just piled in field corners but most are stacked in the yard/shed. Rats & crows are a nuisance if they peck through the wrap 'cos the sileage will rot wherever there is air present.

Another way is to trail a special high capacity trailer with high sides made of 1/2" mesh towed by another tractor alongside the forager (or sometimes towed by the forage harvester ) This grass is blown by the forager straight into the trailer then carted into large three sided concrete pits & thoroughly compacted by running another tractor up & down the clamp. When full the silage pit is covered with plastic, sealed round the edges with earth & usually covered with old tyres to weight it down. Effluent from silos is VERY POWERFUL pollutant & there are lots of regulations for drainage, sumps & disposal of the fluid. BIG fines for any pollution incidents.

Lots of maize (which doesn't fully ripen in our climate) & other special forage crops grown just to make sileage, but grass silage has taken over from hay across the country in the last 20-30 years

Haylage is much used in "horseyculture" & made in small bales or even mini round bales wrapped like the big uns.

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Mike (WA)

05-13-2008 08:19:25




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 Re: o/t what is silage in reply to Nancy Howell, 05-12-2008 10:18:37  
When I was a kid, peas (for human consumption) had long vines, which were cut in the field and hauled to stationary "pea viners" where the peas were extracted. The residue was packed into a silage pile, and covered. Dad bought such a stack when I was probably 5 years old (not in school yet, because I remember going with him to get it). He pitched it on the truck with a pitchfork, then hauled it home and used it for dairy cow feed. There were always some peas that got through the viners, and I discovered that those little pickled peas were pretty good eating. They were pushed flat by the weight of the pile, and resembled aspirin tablets in shape. Dad said it might be best not to mention my eating the peas to Mom, as she might think it would spoil my appetite. (Or more probably, she might come after him with a frying pan for letting me eat those dirty things. Mom just never was "farmy"). My wife, on the other hand, would have been out there pitching with me, until she discovered those little peas, then it would be hard to keep her on task, as she'd be helping the kids find them.

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Rootsy

05-13-2008 07:34:20




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 Re: o/t what is silage in reply to Nancy Howell, 05-12-2008 10:18:37  
All of the silage around here is packed into bunkers and covered for winter. High moisture corn goes in the silo.



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dave2

05-12-2008 23:37:05




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 Re: o/t what is silage in reply to Nancy Howell, 05-12-2008 10:18:37  
Most of the silos here in Germany are the trench type with a cement floor and walls about 2 meters high usually about 12 x 40-60 ft built into a bank with the back end at ground level. That way as they fill, the weight of the tractor packs stuff down. Then, they cover it with plastic and throw dirt over it and some grass seed (I guess to suck up the moisture that accumulates from rain and sweat). We like to get the hay that is baled a day early and wrapped in plastic for the horses in cool weather. Someone made silage out of fresh cut pasture that really had a nasty smell. shoulda saw the cows eat it though.

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36 coupe

05-13-2008 06:12:18




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 Re: o/t what is silage in reply to dave2, 05-12-2008 23:37:05  
Beware of damp hay wrapped in plastic for horses.Vermont Vet had problem on some horse deaths, tested hay found botulism in hay. cows are not affected by it but horses drop dead.Read this a few years ago.You better look into this.Its now known that some breeds of dogs cant take heartworm meds.If a certain gene is present the dog cant expell the meds from the brain.About 75% of all collies cant take Ivermecten .Most herding dogs carry the defective gene.A DNA test can prove it.Univesity of Vermont should have info on plastic wrapped hay.A farmer came into my shop with a fence charger for repair.His fore arm was bandaged. I asked what happened.Doctor said hay allergy.He said a large sac of pus formed the next morning on the under side of his arm and a smaller one on his wrist.I told him to tell the Doc that a brown recluse spider had bitten the arm.I had heard about this and seen photos of the awful damage to flesh these bites can cause.We all get welts and scratches picking up hay. I wear a long sleeve shirt and gloves because of poison ivy along field edges.My dog is 8 years old and has problems with heartworm meds.Vet says no but I have been nervous about using the stuff on my dog.Look at Busteralert.com if you are using Heartworm meds on your dog.

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El Toro

05-13-2008 08:31:12




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 Re: o/t what is silage in reply to 36 coupe, 05-13-2008 06:12:18  
third party image

Here's what that spider bite can do. Hal



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JRT

05-12-2008 21:51:39




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 Re: o/t what is silage in reply to Nancy Howell, 05-12-2008 10:18:37  
Definition of silage----- An animal feed product produced by the fermentation of ground up corn or other grass crops. Smells good enough to eat while fresh in the Silo. Smells worse than $hit after you get it on your cloths and enter a warm tractor cab, pick up truck, or house.



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fergienewbee

05-12-2008 18:33:11




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 Re: o/t what is silage in reply to Nancy Howell, 05-12-2008 10:18:37  
Dad put up silage back in the late '40s when I was just a kid. I still remember that smell, and it brings back pleasant memories, like the inside of a barn with cows. Spraying liquid "stuff" is just too strong to inhale deeply.

A friend of mine used to get a six-pack and drive the back roads in spring just to smell fresh-turned earth. Similar with drying hay in the field.

Larry in Michigan



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doug in illinois

05-12-2008 16:44:19




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 Re: o/t what is silage in reply to Nancy Howell, 05-12-2008 10:18:37  
As mentioned, if you type in corn sileage you will likely have enough to read for a long time. The one thing I am shocked no one has mentioned yet is how deadly sileage gas is in a vertical silo, probably won't apply to you unless you would get the idea to blow sileage into one as there are still a few left around here, I can think of at least two on my mail route. Having said that, trench sileage is the norm here, with sileage blown into the big white bags in close second. DOUG

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GeneMO

05-12-2008 14:29:55




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 Re: o/t what is silage in reply to Nancy Howell, 05-12-2008 10:18:37  
Ever eat sourkraut? Same principal. Crop is chopped up, then put in some kind of structure that can be made air tight. Bacteria takes care of the rest. Aerobic bacteria uses up all of the O2, then Anerobic bacteria takes over.


Gene



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thurlow

05-12-2008 14:11:18




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 Re: o/t what is silage in reply to Nancy Howell, 05-12-2008 10:18:37  
It's been pretty much covered below; I've cut thousands of acres of corn for silage, with occasionally some half corn/half sorghum. Corn was cut in the 'hard dough' stage; if cut too early (some milk still in kernel), the machine would blow it (milk) out. We had 2 trench silos for about 30 years and also did a lot of (local) custom harvesting..... filling either trenches or upright silos. I've posted this before on one of these forums..... ..running an A-C cutter with cut-and-throw knives moaning was just about the most enjoyable thing I've ever done on the farm. If put into a trench, we covered it with 6 mil black plastic, sealed the edges with a little soil and covered the plastic with car tires. After it fermented, it smelled good enough to eat.

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paul

05-12-2008 13:52:16




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 Re: o/t what is silage in reply to Nancy Howell, 05-12-2008 10:18:37  
Most common whole corn plant or alfalfa around here, put up at about 50-70% moisture, it is chopped green (but wilted) and put into an airtight structure. It fements ablut like pickles into good feed if it has no oxygen.

They also use just the ears of corn when it is over 30% moisture, or grass hay (difficult to get to ferment tho), and other such green stuff.

It is generally always for cattle or dairy production.

--->Paul

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buickanddeere

05-12-2008 13:23:02




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 Re: o/t what is silage in reply to Nancy Howell, 05-12-2008 10:18:37  
Bus Driver has covered a the vital point of fermentation without oxygen. Let air at it and any wet feed or what was already silage will spoil. It's not uncommon to see livestock "1/2 smashed" after a good feed of corn silage. I've seen birds in the silo/feed room too drunk to fly after eating corn kernels from corn silage



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El Toro

05-12-2008 12:55:49




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 Re: o/t what is silage in reply to Nancy Howell, 05-12-2008 10:18:37  
It took a lot of work years ago to fill the silos with ensilage since it was cut by hand or a corn binder then loaded on wagons or trucks by hand. It was then fed into an ensilage cutter that cut the corn stalk and ears into small pieces then blown into the silos with power from a belt pulley on the tractor. It took us 3 weeks to fill 2 big silos and had to hire extra help, but in 1949 a neighbor bought a chopper and that changed silo filling. They filled both silos in 3 days. We fed it to the cows and young stock twice a day and with their rough tongues they wore grooves in the concrete mangers making sure they didn't leave any. The Amish in this area still cut it with a binder and use wagons for hauling. They don't use tractors. Even for baling hay. Hal


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third party image

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Alex41JDb

05-12-2008 18:25:24




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 Re: o/t what is silage in reply to El Toro, 05-12-2008 12:55:49  
What are they using for a power unit hal, i seen a picture where they had an old tractor and had made the bull gears drive the pto and had horses drag the tractor to drive the tires to turn the pto on an old square baler. No engine what so ever.



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El Toro

05-13-2008 04:25:15




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 Re: o/t what is silage in reply to Alex41JDb, 05-12-2008 18:25:24  
I was told they used a VW diesel to drive the the pto on the baler. They may hire an English man to use his tractor for blowing and chopping the silage. They've had to make some changes since most of them have dairy cattle and ship milk. They have generators to power their milkers and milk coolers since spring houses are outlawed.
They own a lot of prime farm land in Lancaster county PA. Hal

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higgins

05-12-2008 11:22:10




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 Re: o/t what is silage in reply to Nancy Howell, 05-12-2008 10:18:37  
It's what goes into silo's - apparently north of where you are....Dad said they would stack green corn in shocks for cattle feed before silos. The interior of the shocks would smell like silage. It's basically shopped up green stuff of about any kind. The fermenting helped keep it from spoiling.



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Billy NY

05-12-2008 10:57:01




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 Re: o/t what is silage in reply to Nancy Howell, 05-12-2008 10:18:37  
Hay-lage - from hay ? I've seen my neighbor use a chopper and wagon sometimes in hay, but used to be mostly in alfalfa, usually corn, or used to be just takes the grain now, like the others said, not too knowlegeable on the processing part, but it gets cut chopped and hauled to a silo where a pto driven blower is used to load the silo through a pipe to the top if I am correct. We mostly had the cable wrapped masonryu types here, not sure how those blue steel ones work, different type of silo. Some use stockpiles with tarps and concrete barrier walls, there's an attachment similar to a dozer blade for large tractors to push it up. My father used to go over to the neighbors place and open the doors on the tops of the silo's, one thing our neighbor did not like was heights, kids were still too young, no one else close by to do it.

When his place burnt on fathers day '95, was arson, lost quite a few of his dairy livestock, and all his barns, thankfully the wind kept it from the house, those silos were steaming lots of vapor from the heat, I thought they were going to blow the tops off em, each one eventually flared up like a bic lighter and that was it, they tore em down a few years ago, right conditions with the wind that fire is hard to describe, started in the machine shed and shop where the fuel was, it got so hot it jumped over 100-150 feet to the dairy barn without even touching the barn, spontaneous combustion and it burst into flames, fire companies efforts were useless against it even wetting down the barn, I've never seen anything level a place so quickly, a lifetime of farming into a pile of ashes, he only lost one small utility tractor, think that was the old Case 311 round nose, good thing all the larger diesel JD's were outside and not near the buildings.

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gene bender

05-12-2008 10:40:36




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 Re: o/t what is silage in reply to Nancy Howell, 05-12-2008 10:18:37  
Just type in corn silage and there is enough reading to last for a long time.



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Bus Driver

05-12-2008 10:31:32




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 Re: o/t what is silage in reply to Nancy Howell, 05-12-2008 10:18:37  
Silage is cut while still green, but almost mature in growth. Packed tightly with air excluded as much as possible, it ferments. Sort of like Kraut for cows.



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old

05-12-2008 10:27:09




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 Re: o/t what is silage in reply to Nancy Howell, 05-12-2008 10:18:37  
Its things like corn beans hay etc that they grind up and then let foment. It smells big time but cattle seem to love it



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36 coupe

05-13-2008 06:36:22




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 Re: o/t what is silage in reply to old, 05-12-2008 10:27:09  
Corn didnt smell bad but grass silage was nasty.I havent used corn silage for 50 years but can still remember the smell like it was yesterday.I loaded bundles of corn on an International KB8 truck and helped fill the silo.Got chased up the silo ladder by a holstein bull.The silage was unloaded with a fork into a big wheel barrow and fed to the cows in stantions.I still remember the cows drooling and swinging their heads when they saw me comming with the silage.Strange these memories are so strong but it took me two weeks to find my Hi lift jack.

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