Butane and propane are just two of the family of hydrocarbon molecules that we use for fuel.
The different fuel gasses are all hydrocarbon molecules, the difference being the number of carbon and hydrogen atoms that are joined together.
Methane or natural gas - 1 carbon, 4 hydrogen atoms.
Ethane - 2 carbon, 6 hydrogen atoms.
Propane - 3 carbon, 8 hydrogen atoms.
Butane - 4 carbon, 10 hydrogen atoms.
Pentane - 5 carbon, 12 hydrogen atoms.
Hexane - 6 carbon, 14 hydrogen atoms.
You can just keep going from there adding one carbon and 2 hydrogen to keep getting different molecules.
As the molecules get larger their vapor pressure drops. Methane and ethane require extremely high pressures to turn them to liquid form at ambient temperatures. Propane boils at -42° F while butane boiling point is about 30° F.
Here is more information on this family of hydrocarbons.
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