Going by your description of the problem, it appears that it was indeed overcharged. If this was designed as a 134a system, it should have a low and a high pressure switch. The low pressure switch prevents the system from operating if the charge is too low. The high pressure switch keeps the head pressure from going too high. This is because a 134a system will go very high very quickly under some conditions. Not likely to be able to braze or otherwise repair the condenser since it is made of aluminum. As others have said, the sight glass is not to be used for charging.
There are several things that will cause a system to have poor performance. Low charge is probably the most common. Overcharge will also cause a lack of cooling. The refrigerant needs to have room to expand when it changes state to gas in the evaporator. Another possible cause is too much oil in the system. Excess oil takes up the space that the refrigerant needs to go from liquid to gas to liquid as it goes through the system. A bad expansion valve commonly leads to overcharging. Start out with poor cooling performance which leads to adding refrigerant which leads to overcharging. Another possible problem is air in the system. A refrigeration system works by the refrigerant changing states from gas to liquid and back to gas over and over. Air is not compressible to a liquid in this environment so it will interfere with the operation of the system. Moisture is another possible cause of poor performance. It is very important to evacuate the system before attempting to recharge it. This is to remove the moisture and air in the system. And, every time a system is opened, it WILL get air and moisture into it. This can only be properly removed with a good vacuum pump. Failure to evacuate usually results in poor performance and early failure of compressors and expansion valves.
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Today's Featured Article - An Old-Time Tractor Demonstration - by Kim Pratt. Sam was born in rural Kansas in 1926. His dad was a hard-working farmer and the children worked hard everyday to help ends meet. In the rural area he grew up in, the highlight of the week was Saturday when many people took a break from their work to go to town. It was on one such Saturday in the early 1940's when Sam was 16 years old that he ended up in Dennison, Kansas to watch a demonstration of a new tractor being put on by a local dealer. It was an Allis-Chalmers tractor dealership,
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