ASSUMING the charging system has been working properly, at each and every engine shutdown, the cutout relay disconnects the generator from the battery.
There's no longer any connection between the generator output and the battery.
So it makes no difference, whatever, if you change out the batteries at this point, because they are not connected to the generator, anyhow.
As long as the battery(s) is reinstalled/replaced with the same polarity as before, the generator isn't affected.
On the other hand, if the battery(s) is reconnected with the opposite polarity nothing happens until engine startup, when the generator begins to charge and the cutout is pulled "closed" connecting the generator and battery(s) together "fighting" each other.
The battery(s) will win, and expensive smoke will be lost from the generator and/or the regulator.
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Today's Featured Article - Third Brush Generators - by Chris Pratt. While I love straightening sheet metal, cleaning, and painting old tractors, I use every excuse to avoid working on the on the electrics. I find the whole process sheer mystery. I have picked up and attempted to read every auto and farm electrics book with no improvement in the situation. They all seem to start with a chapter entitled "Theory of Electricity". After a few paragraphs I usually close the book and go back to banging out dents. A good friend and I were recently discussing our tractor electrical systems when he stated "I figure it all comes back to applying Ohms Law". At this point
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