andy R HERES THE DEAL as I best recall from my days as a Power Distribution Engineer, but NO warranty mind you.
What you can
Get by with What is the rated ampacity of the conductors used What is the distance At what welding current and for how long (duty cycle considerations) will you weld.
NOTE Duty cycle and diversity (such as say welding) can per the NEC (as I best recall) in certain limited cases allow the use of smaller conductors
What amount of Line Voltage Drop is acceptable Line Voltage Drop is a function of 1) Distance, 2) Current, 3) Wire Gauge
SAFETY NOTE the overcurrent protection device (fuse or breaker) is to protect the CONDUCTORS so if you use smaller wire size the breaker accordingly !!!!!!!!! IE if you use say 8 Gauge Wire use a 40 NOT 50 Amp Breaker !!!!!!!!!!!!
ALL MAKES A DIFFERENCE and is needed to answer your good question
THAT ALL BEING SAID
I have seen people who weld at low currents for short periods use 10 gauge AND IT WORKED (even if NOT NEC proper)
HOWEVER to A) Reduce line voltage drop B) Match the conductors ampacity to the outlets and plugs typically used C) Provide for the capacity just in case you needed to weld at higher currents for longer times with no worry D) To err on the side of safety
If I were the engineer who made the call I would (still subject to distance, IE may be even bigger) and I recommend using 6 Gauge 50 Amp rated Copper conductor extension cord EVEN IF SURE (subject to current and time) 10 Gauge or 8 BETTER would work PS I would NOT use 10 myself !!!!!!!!
As always, where fire and life safety are concerned you may want to at least consider consulting with professional engineers and electricians and the NEC versus what's posted here especially by lay persons and even myself being long retired and not up to date on the NEC
Many typical AC Buzz Box Welders use 50 amp rated plugs and outlets and if straight 240 (NO 120) you ONLY would need Two Hots plus a safety Equipment Grounding Conductor (which can be smaller then the tow hots)
There ya go its YOUR money YOUR choice YOUR risk to wire as you well please. All I can do is provide my recommendations so YOU make the call and please be safe
Best Wishes, God Bless Yall
John T Live in the RV at the Eureka casino parking Lot dry camped in Mesquite Nevada
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