There's a lot of discussion of the fact that diesels are generally more efficient than gas engines, but not much about why this is the case. Diesels derive their high efficiency from their high compression ratios. If you could run a spark ignition engine at 14:1 compression, it would be pretty efficient. Which is one reason why automakers are starting to make direct-injection gas engines: they can achieve much higher compression ratios than earlier fuel-injection designs. Most gasoline tractors have modest compression ratios; typically less than 9:1, making equivalent diesel tractors much more efficient.
Diesels also derive a small efficiency gain because they don't have to throttle their intake air, eliminating throttling losses.
jdemaris mentioned the fact that when you compare fuel consumption by weight rather than volume, gas engines don't look so bad. But for much of the history of diesel farm tractors, gasoline was more expensive than diesel fuel. Farmers couldn't care less about the Btu content of their fuel, but they definitely care what it costs.
So efficiency was the main thing that killed gas tractors. But maintenance played a role, too. Most diesel engines go to major overhaul with little or no maintenance other than oil and filter changes.
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Today's Featured Article - Uncle Cecil's Super A Lives Again - by Mike Purcell. A week or so out of most of my childhood summers was often spent with my Uncle Cecil and Aunt Sissie in the small East Texas town of Maydelle on their 80 acre farm. Some of my fondest memories of these visits are those of learning to drive a tractor at the helm of Uncle Cecil’s 1948 Farmall Super A. Uncle Cecil was the second owner of this wonderful little tractor, but it was almost as though he had adopted an infant. The original owner was a man from Minnesota who bought her from a local dea
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